System of control.



mi ND SYSTEM OF GUNTROL. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 8, 1906.

Patented Jan.26, 1909.

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lNVE/VTOR Wm M ATTORNEY E. W. STULL. SYSTEM OF CONTROL, APPLICATION FILED JUNE 8, 1906.

Patented Jan. 26 1909.

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m W B QT riiL n Lfi H MUN H M HH5fi {will L INVENTOR WITNESSES ATTORNEY E. W. STULL, SYSTEM OF CONTROL. APPLIOATION FILED JUNE s, 1006 Patented Jan. 26, 1909.

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i imiz'ws 5 J WMUWWWMWNVWW mamMM K i asiiiam 8 \L v i W GUUU; n on L nrrnn STATES rArEivr orrron v ni/nrr'rr w. STULL, or NORWOOD, OHIO, Assienon TQ ALLIS-GHALMERS COMPANY, A COR- PORATION or NEW JERSEY, AND THE BULLOCK ELECTRIC MANUFACTURING COMPANY,

A CORPORATION or OHIO.

SYSTEM OF CONTROL.

Specification of Letters Eatent.

Patented. Fan. 28, 1909.

To all whomc't may concern:

Be it known that I, EMMETT W. STULL, a citizen'of the United States, residing at Nor- Wood, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Systems of Control, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

My invention relates to controllers for electric motors and particularly to series-parallel controllers for electric railway motors.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide an arran ement whereby the motors may be connecte in series, in multiple series, and in full multiple in the different positions of the controller, thereby allowing the greatest efiiciency of the motors underdifferent conditions to be'obtained.

A further objectoi my invention is to so arrange the cooperating contacts of the controller that sparking or destructive arcing shall be reduced to a minimum.

Another object of my invention is to prevent improper handling of the controlling drum by providing a novel interlocking arrangement between the controlling drum and reversing switch so that the latter can .be moved only when the former is in a predetermined or 0E position.

My invention in one of its aspects consists of a controller for a plurality of electric motors, having cooperating contact segments and contact fingers so connected and arranged that whenever circuit is broken by the operation of the controller there are at least twice as many places where circuit is broken as there are motors to be controlled.

In another aspect my invention comprises the combination of the plurality of electric motors, and a controller therefor consisting of a single drum having contacts so con-' nected and arranged that the motors are first connected in full series, then in multiple series and finally in full multiple.

In a more specific aspect my invention consists in the combination of two groups of electric motors, a regulating resistance "and a controller having contacts so connected and arranged that as the controller is operated, the different groups of motors and the resistance are first connected in series and the resistance gradually cut out, andthen the groups of motors are connected parallel to each other with each group in series with half of the resistance and these halves of the resistance gradually cut out.

In a more specific aspect my invention comprises the combination of four electric motors, a controller consisting of a drum so connected and arranged that the motors are first connected in series, then in multiple series and finally in full multiple, and a resistance which is in circuit with the motors at the beginning of the first step and half ofwhich is in circuit with each pair of motors at the beginning of each other step, the resistance during each step being gradually cut out.

From another point of view my invention comprises the combination of a controlling drum, a reversing switch, and two interlocking arms pivoted to swing in dilierent planes and arranged to interlock to prevent movement of the reversing switch only when the controlling drum is out of "ofi position.

More specifically considered my invention comprises the combination of a controllin drum, a reversing switch, two arms pivoted to swing in substantially horizontal and vertical planes respectively, and means carried by the shaft of the controlling drum which when the drum is in an on position supports the vertically swinging arm in the plane in-which the other arm swings, to prevent movement of the reversing switch, and when the controlling drum is in ofi position moves the vertically swinging arm out of the plane in which the other arm swings,

to permit movement of the reversing switch.

Other features of my invention will more clearly appear in the following specification and the accompanying drawings and will be specifically pointed out in the appended claims.

Figure 1 is a front elevation of the upper part of my improved controller with the ront part of the casing removed and some of the parts in section. Fig. 2 is a plan view on a larger scale of the same controller showing the operation of the interlocking mechanism. Fig. 3 is a diagram of the connections,including the main controlling drum shown in development and arranged according to my invention, the reversing switch and certain other parts being omitted from this diagram for the sake of simplicity; and. Figs. 4 to 10,

inclusive show simple connection diagrams for various controller positions.

- 15 is a ring 6, the upper surface of which is 35 versing switch'C are locked againstmove- .50 5 of the controller, the resistance. 14 being 55 to position 6 the group of motors 1 and 2 and In the drawings A is a controller casing in which are mounted; as in bearin s B and C, the main controlling drum B an the revels ing switch C. These may be of any desired 5 construction and the rever sing switch may .be connected in any desired manner, thfeconnections of the main controlling drum being shown in Fig. 3. This drum and the reversing switch are' perated by the usual handles 10 b and c.

n the shaft of thecontrolling drum is a notch plate or star wheel D with which the usilal spring pressed pawl roller 5 coacts. Extending upwardly-from the notch plate D shaped to form 'a cam 7. arm 8, pivoted to swing in a vertical plane and drawn downward by gravity which may be assisted by a' spring 9, has an extension fromits free end which rides on the upper surface of ring 6 and cam 7. When the controlling drum B is in any of its on positions the arm 8 is in the horizontal plane in which it is shown in Fig. 1, but when the controlling drum is in its off position the arm 8 is raised out of this plane.

Swinging in the horizontal plane in which the arm 8 is shown in Fig. 1 is a second arm 11 drawn by a spring 12 into engagement with a notch plate E ,on the shaft of the reversing'switch C. When arm 8 is in the position shown in Fig. 1, as is the case when the controlling drum is in any of its on positions, the arm 11 and consequently the rement because the arm 8 is in the path of movement of the arm 11, the shoulder 13 of said arm 8 bearingagainst the side of ring .6. At this time it is impossible, therefore, to '40 move the reversing switch from whatever position it may occupy into any other position, thus preventing reversal or starting of the motors with the main drum in any on position. When the'controller is in off. position and the arm- 8 is lifted by the cam 7,

the path of the arm 11 isopen and the reversing switch'may be moved as desired.

Referring to Fig. 3, the motors 1,2, 3 and: .4 are connected all in series in positions 1 to connected in series with these motors-when the controller is in position 1 and being gradually cut out as the controller is moved to position'5. When the controller is moved the lower half of the resistance 14 are con-' nected in some and the groups of motors 3 and 4 and theupper half'of resistance 14 a connected in a parallel series circuit. The motors remain in this multiple series connection as the controller is moved to positions 7 and8, the parts of the resistance which are in the two circuits being gradually and simultaneously cut out as the controller moves from positi'onsfi to 8. When the cont roller is moved into position 9', the four motors are connectedin full parallel, the lower half of resistance 14 being connected'in series with the pair of motorsl and.2, and the upper half of resistance 14 being connected 1n series with the pair of motors 3 and 4; These-two halves of theresistancc are graduall and simultaneously cut out as the controllhr is moved intopositions 10 and 11, the connections of themotors otherwise remaining the same. As the controller asses from positions 5 to 6 and from 8 to 9 t e circuit is interrupted, such interru tion taking place at a plurality of points, t ere being at least two points of interruption for each motor.-

In both cases previous to the actual interruption of the circuit, the resistance'14 is reinsertedin the circuit.

By this multiplicity of breaks the sparkingwhich occurs at any one contact is greatly diminished. As the controller is moved from; position 9 to position 8, the circuit is broken at no less than eleven places.

Byhaving the three steps or sets of positions on the controller, '5. e., the full series, multipleseries and the full multiple, a very eificient regulation of the motors canibe obtained. This arrangement is also advan-- tageous for cars which travel in both city and country districts. Insuch case the controller positions 9, 10, and 11 should be used only in the country districts to obtain a higher speed than is allowed in the city districts.

It is obvious that many equivalents of the various 'parts shown anddescribed may be used without departing from the spirit and. sco e of my invention, and therefore Ido not Wis to be limited to the exact structure which is here shown and described as what I now consider to be the preferred embodiment of my invention, but I aim to set up in my claims, .the broad and novel features invented by me;

A similar interruption of the circuit takes place as the controller is What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In combination, a plurality of electric motors, a regulating res stance, and a controller comprising a single drum, and a ranged to vary said resistance and to connect said motors in their entirety in series, in multiple series, and in full multiple. j

2.. In' combination, two groups of electric motors, a regulating resistance, and a controller having contacts so connected and ar- -'ranged thatas the controlleris operated the different groups of motors and the resistance are first connected in series with the motors ofeach group in series, and the resistance gradually cut out, then the groups of motors connected in parallel with each other with and a controller cons his the motors of each group-in series and each group in series with hah the resistance, and these halves of the resistances gradually out out, and then the groups of motors connected in parallel with each other with the motors of each grou in parallel and each group in series with ialf the resistance, and these halves of the resistances gradually cut out.

3. In combination, two groups of electric motors, a regulating resistance, and a controller having contacts so connected and an ranged that as the controller is operated the different groups of motors and the resistance are first connected in series with the motors of each group in series, and the resistance gradually cut out, then the groups of motors connected in parallel with each other with the motors of each group in series and each group in series with half the resistance, and these halves of the resistances gradually cut out simultaneously, and then the groups of motors connected in parallel and each group in series with half the resistance, and these halves of the resistances gradually cut out simultaneously.

4. In combination, four series electric motors, andva controller consisting of a single drum arranged to connect said motors in full series and in full. parallel and to vary a resist ance in circuit with said'motors in their entirety.

5. In combination, four electric, motors, and a controller consisting of a single drum so connected and arranged that it connects the motors first in lull series, then in multiple series, and finally in full multiple, and a resistancewhich is arranged to be connected in the circuit at the beginning of each step and to be gradually out out by said drum.

6. in combination, four electric motors, isting-of a single drum so connected and arranged that it connects the motors first in full series, then in multiple series,- and finally in full multiple, and a resistance which is in circuit with themotors at the beginning of the firststep and half is which is in circuit with each group of two motors at the beginning of each other step, which resistance during each step is gradually cut out.

7. In combination, four electric meters, at regulating resistance, ands controller consisting of a single drumliaving contacts so connected and arranged thatthe motors and the resistance are-connectedall in series, and the resistance gradually out out, and later the motors are connected all in parallel with achpair of motors in series with half said resistance, and said resistancegradually cut "out.

I 8. In combination, a plurality of motors and a controller consisting of a single drum thatt ries. then in multiple serics, and finally full on position, but to be mnlt'iple, and a resistance which is arranged to be connected in the circuitat the beginning of each step and to be gradually cut out by said drum. I 4

9. In combination, a plurality of motors, and a controller consisting of a single drum having contacts so connected and arranged that the motors are first connected in full series, then in multiple series, and finally in full multiple, and a resistance which is in-circuit with the motors at the beginning of the first step, and part of which is in circuit with each parallel group of motors at the beginning of each otherstep, which resistance during each step is gradually cut out.

10. in combination, a controlling drum, a reversing switch, two interlocking arms pivoted to swing in non-parallel planes, and arranged to interlock to prevent movement of the reversing switch only when the controlling drum is out of off position.

ll. A controller comprising a controlling. drum, a reversing switch, arms pivoted to swing in difierent planes, a notchplate on the shaft of the reversing switch with which one of said arms engages, and means for su porting the second arm in the path of t e rst arm to prevent movement of the re versing switch when the drum is out of oil position and to move it out of such path to allow movement of said arm when the drum is in o1i position.

12. A controller for electric motors comprising a controlling drum, a cam-bearing ring carried by the shaft of the drum, an arm engaging said ring and movable by said cam, a reversing switch, a notch plate therefor, a second arm pivoted to swing in a plane at an angle with the plane in which said first arm swings and engaging said notch plate, the arms and cam being so arranged that when the controller is not in ofi position,

the first arm is in the path of the second to lock the reversing switch against movement and when the controller is in off position the first arm is moved out of the path of said second arm to allow movement of the reversing switch.

13. in combination, a controlling drum, a reversing switch, two interlocking arms pivoted to swing in planes at an angle to each other, a notch plate on the reversing switch which one of said. arms engages, the arms being arranged to interlock and prevent move ment of said reversing switch only when the controller drum is out of o'fl position.

14. A controller drum, a reversing switch, two arms pivoted to swing in planes atan angle to each other, and arranged to be in substantially the same plane to revent movement of the reversing switch v en thecontrolling'drum is in any *out of the same plane to'perimt movement of the reversing switch when the drum is in off position.

comprising a controller '15. A controller com rising a controlling drum, a reversing switc two arms pivoted to swing in substantially-horizontal and ver-' tical planes respectively, and means carried by the shaft of the controlling drum, which, when the drum is in an"on position, suports the vertically swinging arm in the plane m which the other arm swings to prevent movement of the reversing switch, and when the controlling drum is in off position moves, thevertically swinging arm out of the plane in which the other arm swings, to permit movement of the reversing switch.

' 16. In a controller, a controlling drum, a reversing switch, a notch plate on the reversing switch shaft, a horizontally swinging spring-pressed arm coacting with the notch p ate, a vertically swinging arm, a cam-bearmg ring carried by the drum shaft, and supporting the vertically swinging arm in the path of the other arm when the controller is m any on position, to prevent movement of the reversing switch, the vertically swinging arm being moved by the cam out of such fpath when the controller 'drum is in 01f position.

l 17. In comblnatlon, two electric switches, two arms swinging 1n vertical and horizontal with one of the switches for supporting the vertically swinging arm in thepath of the other arm when said first switch 1s in certain predetermined positions, therehypreventing movement of the horizontally swlnging arm and the second switch, and for moving saidvertically swinging arm out of the path of the other arm when the first switch is in another predetermined position. i

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature, in the presence of two witnesses. EMMETT W. STULL. Witnesses:

GEo. B. SGHLEY, FRED J'. KmsEY.

planes respectively, and means operative 

